DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
The syntheses of RNA (transcription), DNA and proteins (translation) are fundamental processes necessary for all life. Transcription begins by uncoiling a section of DNA that will be used as the template and is initiated by RNA polymerase binding to a promoter sequence.
DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis Modulators |
|
|---|---|
| Cat. No. | Product Name / Activity |
| 6460 | ABX 464 New |
| HIV RNA splicing modulator | |
| 7679 | RECTAS |
| IKBKAP pre-mRNA splicing modulator | |
| 7054 | T4 |
| Modulator of alternative polyadenylation; inhibits rod photoreceptor gene expression via Nr2e3 | |
DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis Inhibitors |
|
| Cat. No. | Product Name / Activity |
| 4800 | 4EGI-1 |
| Inhibitor of eIF4E:eIF4G interaction | |
| 1229 | Actinomycin D |
| RNA polymerase inhibitor | |
| 2513 | Acyclovir |
| Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor | |
| 4025 | α-Amanitin |
| Inhibitor of RNA polymerase II | |
| 1290 | Anisomycin |
| Protein synthesis inhibitor | |
| 5736 | Aphidicolin |
| DNA polymerase α, δ and ε inhibitor | |
| 6392 | B02 |
| RAD51 recombinase inhibitor | |
| 2981 | BIBR 1532 |
| Selective telomerase inhibitor | |
| 5417 | BMH 21 |
| RNA polymerase 1 inhibitor; also p53 pathway activator | |
| 5312 | BRACO 19 trihydrochloride |
| Telomerase inhibitor | |
| 6196 | Brequinar sodium |
| Potent and selective DHODH inhibitor | |
| 7457 | CAM 833 |
| Selective orthosteric inhibitor of the BRCA2-RAD51 interaction | |
| 4799 | Capecitabine |
| Prodrug of 5-Fluorouracil (Cat. No. 3257). Inhibits DNA synthesis | |
| 2626 | Carboplatin |
| Inhibitor of DNA synthesis | |
| 4436 | 8-Chloroadenosine |
| Cytotoxic nucleoside analog; inhibits RNA synthesis | |
| 2294 | Cordycepin |
| RNA synthesis inhibitor | |
| 7485 | Covidcil-19 |
| Binds to SARS-CoV-2 frameshifting element and reduces frameshifting efficiency | |
| 0970 | Cycloheximide |
| Inhibitor of protein synthesis | |
| 4520 | Cytarabine |
| Nucleoside analog; inhibits DNA replication | |
| 3917 | Daptomycin |
| Antibiotic; inhibits protein, DNA and RNA synthesis in gram-positive bacteria | |
| 1467 | Daunorubicin hydrochloride |
| RNA synthesis inhibitor | |
| 3857 | Dexrazoxane hydrochloride |
| Topoisomerase II inhibitor | |
| 7342 | Emetine dihydrochloride |
| RNA polymerase inhibitor; inhibits replication of a broad range of RNA and DNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and Zika | |
| 3260 | Epirubicin hydrochloride |
| Inhibits DNA synthesis and function. Inhibits DNA topoisomerase II | |
| 4659 | Floxuridine |
| Disrupts DNA replication; inhibits thymidylate synthetase | |
| 3495 | Fludarabine |
| Purine analog; inhibits DNA synthesis | |
| 3257 | 5-Fluorouracil |
| Inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis | |
| 4131 | G418 disulfate salt |
| Aminoglycoside antibiotic; used in cell culture | |
| 3259 | Gemcitabine hydrochloride |
| DNA synthesis inhibitor | |
| 1993 | Halofuginone hydrobromide |
| High affinity competitive prolyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor | |
| 1416 | Homoharringtonine |
| Inhibitor of protein synthesis; antileukemic agent | |
| 5740 | 6-Hydroxy-DL-DOPA |
| Allosteric inhibitor of RAD52; also APE1 inhibitor | |
| 6483 | Isoginkgetin |
| Pre-mRNA splicing inhibitor; cell permeable | |
| 7338 | K 22 |
| Inhibits coronavirus RNA replication; impairs double membrane vesicle (DMV) formation | |
| 6068 | Lin28 1632 |
| RNA binding protein Lin28 inhibitor; promotes mESC differentiation; also bromodomain inhibitor | |
| 3765 | Linezolid |
| Antibiotic; inhibits protein synthesis in gram-positive bacteria | |
| 6510 | LNT 1 |
| Potent flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) inhibitor; induces DNA damage response | |
| 6819 | Mefloquine hydrochloride |
| Binds 80S ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis in P falciparum; also gap junction blocker | |
| 4103 | 6-Mercaptopurine |
| Purine analog; inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis | |
| 1489 | Mithramycin A |
| Inhibitor of DNA and RNA polymerase | |
| 3258 | Mitomycin C |
| Inhibitor of DNA synthesis | |
| 6359 | Nelarabine |
| Purine nuceloside analog; inhibits DNA synthesis | |
| 5340 | NSC 617145 |
| Werner syndrome helicase (WRN) inhibitor | |
| 2623 | Oxaliplatin |
| Inhibitor of DNA synthesis | |
| 6222 | PFM 01 |
| MRE11 endonuclease inhibitor | |
| 6070 | Pladienolide B |
| mRNA splicing inhibitor; antitumor | |
| 7321 | Pritelivir |
| Potent and selective herpes simplex virus (HSV) helicase primase inhibitor | |
| 4089 | Puromycin dihydrochloride |
| Protein synthesis inhibitor | |
| 4501 | Ribavirin |
| Antiviral guanosine analog; blocks eIF4E activity | |
| 4121 | Rifampicin |
| Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase | |
| 7760 | Selinexor New |
| Selective exportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1) inhibitor | |
| 7554 | SSYA10-001 |
| Inhibits coronavirus helicase; blocks unwinding activity of Nsp13 and RNA synthesis | |
| 4723 | T2AA |
| PCNA inhibitor | |
| 6884 | TC SL C5 |
| Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (Malat1) RNA inhibitor | |
| 5069 | Teriflunomide |
| Inhibitor of DHODH; active metabolite of Leflunomide | |
| 4309 | TPEN |
| RNA binding protein Lin28 inhibitor; cell-permeable Zn2+ chelator | |
| 3253 | Triptolide |
| Inhibits RNAPII-mediated transcription; antitumor, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive | |
| 3863 | Trovafloxacin mesylate |
| Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis | |
| 7569 | Verdinexor New |
| Selective exportin-1 (XPO1/CRM1) inhibitor | |
| 3787 | Viomycin |
| Antibiotic; inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis | |
| 4067 | YK 4-279 |
| Inhibitor of RNA helicase A (RHA) | |
Other |
|
| Cat. No. | Product Name / Activity |
| 6602 | 1M7 |
| Reagent for RNA SHAPE-MaP chemistry | |
| 7376 | 2A3 |
| Reagent for RNA SHAPE-MaP experiments in vivo; cell permeable | |
| 5962 | 3-AP |
| Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor; also an iron chelator | |
| 4099 | Azathioprine |
| Purine analog; prodrug of 6-mercaptopurine (Cat. No. 4103) | |
| 3771 | Azithromycin |
| Antibiotic; inhibits 50S ribosomal subunit formation and elongation at transpeptidation | |
| 3681 | Bendamustine hydrochloride |
| Cytostatic agent; exhibits DNA alkylating and purine analog properties | |
| 5015 | 5-BrdU |
| Synthetic thymidine analog; used for cell proliferation assays | |
| 4091 | Cyclophosphamide |
| Alkylating agent; chemotherapeutic | |
| 7207 | 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine New |
| Thymidine analog for labeling DNA; can be linked to a fluorophore by click chemistry | |
| 7206 | 5-Ethynyluridine |
| Uridine analog, used for labeling RNA synthesis | |
| 5075 | Harmine |
| Binds to the yjdF aptamer; activates riboswitch function; also DYRK1A inhibitor | |
| 6782 | Indisulam |
| Pre-mRNA splicing modulator; hCA XII inhibitor | |
| 5284 | trans-ISRIB |
| Integrated stress response (ISR) inhibitor | |
| 5185 | JTE 607 dihydrochloride |
| Active metabolite binds CPSF3; Pro-drug | |
| 7586 | Molnupiravir |
| Prodrug of antiviral nucleoside analog; inhibits SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV infection | |
| 7004 | NAI |
| Reagent for RNA SHAPE-MaP experiments in vivo; cell permeable | |
| 6862 | Psoralen-triethylene glycol azide |
| RNA conformation probe; reagent for COMRADES RNA platform | |
| 4990 | Stavudine |
| Nucleoside analog; antiviral | |
| 6586 | Targapremir 210 |
| Inhibits formation of miR-210 | |
| 4562 | Topotecan hydrochloride |
| Binds to U4 RNA and inhibits RNA splicing; also DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor | |
| 4460 | Trifluorothymidine |
| Thymidylate synthase inhibitor; induces DNA fragmentation | |
RNA, DNA and protein synthesis are fundamental processes necessary for all life.
RNA synthesis (transcription) begins by uncoiling a section of DNA that will be used as the template. RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence and initiates separation of the DNA double helix. Complementary ribonucleotides align and RNA polymerase catalyzes their polymerization. The newly synthesized RNA strand undergoes post-transcriptional processing before it leaves the nucleus.
Protein synthesis (translation) is the process of synthesizing a polypeptide chain from a mRNA template. Initiation factors trigger the small ribosomal subunit to bind to mRNA, allowing a tRNA molecule (which contains an amino acid) with an anticodon complementary to the mRNA initiation codon to bind. The large ribosomal subunit now binds and translation occurs. tRNA molecules sequentially bind to the complementary mRNA sequences and ribosomal enzymes catalyze the formation of peptide (amide) bonds.
DNA synthesis is a semiconservative process; each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new one. Helicase enzymes 'unwind' the DNA double helix, allowing DNA polymerase access to the polynucleotide chain. DNA polymerase cannot initiate de novo DNA synthesis - an RNA primer is required - and synthesis occurs in a 5' to 3' direction. DNA polymerases have 'proofreading' ability, which is essential to prevent mutations in the genome.
Literature for DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
Tocris offers the following scientific literature for DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis to showcase our products. We invite you to request* your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
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