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Submit ReviewCHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
Description: Hydrochloride salt of CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. 4423); selective GSK-3 inhibitor
Alternative Names: CT99021
Chemical Name: 6-[[2-[[4-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]ethyl]amino]-3-pyridinecarbonitrile trihydrochloride
Purity: ≥98% (HPLC)
Biological Activity for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride is a hydrochloride salt of CHIR 99021 (Cat. No. 4423), a highly selective GSK-3 inhibitor.
External Portal Information for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
Chemicalprobes.org is a portal that offers independent guidance on the selection and/or application of small molecules for research. The use of CHIR 99021 is reviewed on the chemical probes website.
Technical Data for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
| M. Wt | 574.72 |
| Formula | C22H18Cl2N8.3HCl |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| Purity | ≥98% (HPLC) |
| CAS Number | 1782235-14-6 |
| PubChem ID | 78243722 |
| InChI Key | DSFVSCNMMZRCIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Smiles | ClC(C=C3Cl)=CC=C3C1=NC(NCCNC4=CC=C(C#N)C=N4)=NC=C1C2=NC(C)=CN2.Cl.Cl.Cl |
The technical data provided above is for guidance only. For batch specific data refer to the Certificate of Analysis.
Tocris products are intended for laboratory research use only, unless stated otherwise.
Solubility Data for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| water | 14.37 | 25 | |
| DMSO | 28.74 | 50 |
Preparing Stock Solutions for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 574.72. Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5 mM | 3.48 mL | 17.4 mL | 34.8 mL |
| 2.5 mM | 0.7 mL | 3.48 mL | 6.96 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.35 mL | 1.74 mL | 3.48 mL |
| 25 mM | 0.07 mL | 0.35 mL | 0.7 mL |
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Product Datasheets for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
References for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
References are publications that support the biological activity of the product.
Pan et al (2011) AKT kinase activity is required for Li to modulate mood-related behaviors in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 36 1397 PMID: 21389981
Ring et al (2003) Selective glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors potentiate Ins activation of glucose transport and utilization in vitro and in vivo. Diabetes 52 588 PMID: 12606497
Ye et al (2012) Pleiotropy of glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition by CHIR99021 promotes self-renewal of embyronic stem cells from refractory mouse strains. PLoS One 7 e35892 PMID: 22540008
If you know of a relevant reference for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride, please let us know.
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19 Citations for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride
Citations are publications that use Tocris products. Selected citations for CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride include:
Wei et al (2023) Generation and characterization of NGLY1 patient-derived midbrain organoids. Front Cell Dev Biol 11 1039182 PMID: 36875753
Yasuhiro et al (2023) Self-organized yolk sac-like organoids allow for scalable generation of multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells from induced pluripotent stem cells. Cell Rep Methods 3 100460 PMID: 37159663
Montefiori et al (2018) A promoter interaction map for cardiovascular disease genetics. Elife 7 PMID: 29988018
Peter et al (2021) Non-invasive and high-throughput interrogation of exon-specific isoform expression. Nat Cell Biol 23 652-663 PMID: 34083785
David E et al (2021) Functional dynamic genetic effects on gene regulation are specific to particular cell types and environmental conditions. Elife 10 PMID: 33988505
Matthew et al (2021) Dynamic effects of genetic variation on gene expression revealed following hypoxic stress in cardiomyocytes. Elife 10 PMID: 33554857
Ling et al (2021) Commitment and oncogene-induced plasticity of human stem cell-derived pancreatic acinar and ductal organoids. Cell Stem Cell 28 1090-1104.e6 PMID: 33915081
Viktoriya et al (2021) Autologous transplant therapy alleviates motor and depressive behaviors in parkinsonian monkeys. Nat Med 27 632-639 PMID: 33649496
Benjamin et al (2021) Single-molecule, full-length transcript isoform sequencing reveals disease-associated RNA isoforms in cardiomyocytes. Nat Commun 12 4203 PMID: 34244519
Judson et al (2018) Inhibition of methyltransferase Setd7 allows in vitro expansion of myogenic stem cells with improved therapetic potential. Cell Stem Cell 22 177 PMID: 29395054
Guanghao et al (2022) Single-cell sequencing reveals lineage-specific dynamic genetic regulation of gene expression during human cardiomyocyte differentiation. PLoS Genet 18 e1009666 PMID: 35061661
Kate G et al (2022) Human spinal cord in vitro differentiation pace is initially maintained in heterologous embryonic environments. Elife 11 PMID: 35188104
Dmitry et al (2022) Naïve-like pluripotency to pave the way for saving the northern white rhinoceros from extinction. Sci Rep 12 3100 PMID: 35260583
Jia et al (2022) Selective activation and down-regulation of Trk receptors by neurotrophins in human neurons co-expressing TrkB and TrkC. J Neurochem 161 463-477 PMID: 35536742
Modic et al (2019) Cross-Regulation between TDP-43 and Paraspeckles Promotes Pluripotency-Differentiation Transition. Mol Cell 74 951 PMID: 31047794
Ward and Gilad (2019) A generally conserved response to hypoxia in iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes from humans and chimpanzees. Elife 8 PMID: 30958265
Yoav et al (2020) Systematic Comparison of High-throughput Single-Cell and Single-Nucleus Transcriptomes during Cardiomyocyte Differentiation. Sci Rep 10 1535 PMID: 32001747
Johannes et al (2020) Deep Characterization of Circular RNAs from Human Cardiovascular Cell Models and Cardiac Tissue. Cells 9 PMID: 32635460
Michael et al (2020) iPSC Modeling of RBM20-Deficient DCM Identifies Upregulation of RBM20 as a Therapeutic Strategy. Cell Rep 32 108117 PMID: 32905764
Do you know of a great paper that uses CHIR 99021 trihydrochloride from Tocris? Please let us know.
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