Histone Deacetylases
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes closely related to sirtuins. They catalyze acetyl group removal from lysine residues in histones and non-histone proteins, causing transcriptional repression. HDACs are usually components of multiprotein complexes.
Inhibitors |
|
|---|---|
| Cat No | Product Name / Activity |
| 4846 | Apicidin |
| Potent histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 6010 | BRD 4354 |
| HDAC5 and HDAC9 inhibitor | |
| 6284 | BRD 73954 |
| Dual histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6/8 inhibitor | |
| 2952 | CI 994 |
| Class I histone deacetylase inhibitor; orally active | |
| 3515 | FK 228 |
| Potent and selective class I histone deacetylase inhibitor; antitumor | |
| 6249 | Givinostat hydrochlorideNew |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4830 | LMK 235 |
| Selective HDAC4/HDAC5 inhibitor | |
| 2771 | M 344 |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4077 | MC 1568 |
| Selective HDAC class II (IIa) inhibitor | |
| 5727 | MC 1742 |
| Potent class I and IIb HDAC inhibitor | |
| 5647 | MI 192 |
| Potent and selective HDAC2/3 inhibitor | |
| 6208 | MS 275 |
| HDAC (Class I) inhibitor | |
| 3747 | NCH 51 |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 2521 | NSC 3852 |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4643 | PCI 34051 |
| Potent and selective HDAC8 inhibitor | |
| 2682 | Sodium 4-Phenylbutyrate |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4403 | Pyroxamide |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4652 | SAHA |
| Class I and II HDAC inhibitor | |
| 3810 | SBHA |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 2421 | Scriptaid |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 3850 | Sodium butyrate |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4270 | TC-H 106 |
| Class I histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 4805 | TCS HDAC6 20b |
| Selective HDAC6 inhibitor | |
| 1406 | Trichostatin A |
| Potent histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
| 3402 | Tubacin |
| HDAC6 inhibitor; inhibits α-tubulin deacetylation | |
| 6270 | Tubastatin A hydrochloride |
| Potent HDAC6 inhibitor | |
| 5588 | UF 010 |
| Class I HDAC inhibitor | |
| 2815 | Valproic acid, sodium salt |
| Histone deacetylase inhibitor | |
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes closely related to sirtuins. They catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues in histones and non-histone proteins, resulting in transcriptional repression. In general, they do not act autonomously but as components of large multiprotein complexes, such as pRb-E2F and mSin3A, that mediate important transcription regulatory pathways.
There are three classes of HDACs; classes 1, 2 and 4, which are closely related Zn2+-dependent enzymes. HDACs are ubiquitously expressed and they can exist in the nucleus or cytosol. Their subcellular localization is affected by protein-protein interactions (for example HDAC-14.3.3 complexes are retained in the cytosol) and by the class to which they belong (class 1 HDACs are predominantly nuclear whilst class 2 HDACs shuttle between the nucleus and cytosol). HDACs have a role in cell growth arrest, differentiation and death and this has led to substantial interest in HDAC inhibitors as possible antineoplastic agents.
Histone acetylation - a key epigenetic process - is upregulated during memory formation but downregulated in numerous neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. As a result, HDAC inhibitors are also of great interest in neuroscience research.
Literature for Histone Deacetylases
Tocris offers the following scientific literature for Histone Deacetylases to showcase our products. We invite you to request* or download your copy today!
*Please note that Tocris will only send literature to established scientific business / institute addresses.
Cancer Research Product Guide
A collection of over 750 products for cancer research, the guide includes research tools for the study of:
- Cancer Metabolism
- Epigenetics in Cancer
- Receptor Signaling
- Cell Cycle and DNA Damage Repair
- Angiogenesis
- Invasion and Metastasis
Neurodegeneration Product Guide
A collection of over 275 products for neurodegeneration research, the guide includes research tools for the study of:
- Alzheimer's disease
- Parkinson's disease
- Huntington's disease
Epigenetics Scientific Review
Written by Susanne Müller-Knapp and Peter J. Brown, this review gives an overview of the development of chemical probes for epigenetic targets, as well as the impact of these tool compounds being made available to the scientific community. In addition, their biological effects are also discussed. Epigenetic compounds available from Tocris are listed.
Epigenetics Research Bulletin
Produced by Tocris and updated in 2014, the epigenetics research bulletin gives an introduction into mechanisms of epigenetic regulation, and highlights key Tocris products for epigenetics targets including:
- Bromodomains
- DNA Methyltransferases
- Histone Deacetylases
- Histone Demethylases
- Histone Methyltransferases
Depression Poster
Major depressive disorder is characterized by depressed mood and a loss of interest and/or pleasure. Updated in 2015 this poster highlights presynaptic and postsynaptic targets for the potential treatment of major depressive disorder, as well as outlining the pharmacology of currently approved antidepressant drugs.
Histone Deacetylase Gene Data
| Gene | Species | Gene Symbol | Gene Accession No. | Protein Accession No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class 1 | ||||
| HDAC1 | Human | HDAC1 | NM_004964 | Q13547 |
| Mouse | Hdac1 | NM_008228 | O09106 | |
| Rat | Hdac1 | NM_001025409 | Q4QQW4 | |
| HDAC2 | Human | HDAC2 | NM_001527 | Q92769 |
| Mouse | Hdac2 | NM_008229 | P70288 | |
| Rat | Hdac2 | NM_053447 | Q99PA1 | |
| HDAC3 | Human | HDAC3 | NM_003883 | O15379 |
| Mouse | Hdac3 | NM_010411 | O88895 | |
| Rat | Hdac3 | NM_053448 | Q6P6W3 | |
| HDAC8 | Human | HDAC8 | NM_018486 | Q9BY41 |
| Mouse | Hdac8 | NM_027382 | Q8VH37 | |
| Rat | Hdac8 | NM_001126373 | XP_343805 | |
| Class 2 | ||||
| HDAC4 | Human | HDAC4 | NM_006037 | P56524 |
| Mouse | Hdac4 | NM_207225 | Q6NZM9 | |
| Rat | Hdac4 | XM_343629 | Q99P99 | |
| HDAC5 | Human | HDAC5 | NM_001015053 | Q9UQL6 |
| Mouse | Hdac5 | NM_001077696 | Q9Z2V6 | |
| Rat | Hdac5 | XM_001081495 | Q5RJZ2 | |
| HDAC6 | Human | HDAC6 | NM_006044 | Q9UBN7 |
| Mouse | Hdac6 | NM_010413 | Q9Z2V5 | |
| Rat | Hdac6 | XM_228753 | Q99P97 | |
| HDAC7 | Human | HDAC7 | NM_016596 | Q9UFU7 |
| Mouse | Hdac7 | NM_019572 | Q8C2B3 | |
| Rat | Hdac7a | XM_345868 | Q99P96 | |
| HDAC9 | Human | HDAC9 | NM_058177 | Q9UKV0 |
| Mouse | Hdac9 | NM_024124 | Q99N13 | |
| HDAC10 | Human | HDAC10 | NM_032019 | Q969S8 |
| Mouse | Hdac10 | NM_199198 | Q6P3E7 | |
| Rat | Hdac10 | NM_001035000 | Q569C4 | |
| Class 4 | ||||
| HDAC11 | Human | HDAC11 | NM_024827 | Q96DB2 |
| Mouse | Hdac11 | NM_144919 | Q91WA3 | |
| Rat | Hdac11 | NM_001106610 | XP_238362 | |
Our Cancer Research Guide highlights over 750 products for cancer research.
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Our Neurodegeneration guide highlights over 275 products for neurodegeneration research.
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Our Epigenetics review gives an overview of the development of chemical probes for epigenetic targets, and discusses their biological effects.
Request copyDownload PDF
The epigenetics research bulletin gives an introduction into mechanisms of epigenetic regulation, and highlights key Tocris products for epigenetics targets.
Download PDFWritten by P. Skolnich et al
Our Depression poster highlights presynaptic and postsynaptic targets for the potential treatment of major depressive disorder.
Request copyDownload PDF