Adenylyl Cyclase
Adenylyl Cyclases (AC) are a group of enzymes that convert adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) into 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and pyrophosphate. There are ten different mammalian isoforms of AC; nine are membrane-bound, which are all found in, but not limited to, excitable tissues such as neurons and muscle, and one soluble form (sAC), which is expressed predominantly in the testis.
- BJP Guide: Adenylyl Cyclases
Adenylyl Cyclase - More Information
The ten adenylyl cyclase isoforms can be divided into five distinct families based on their functional attributes; AC1, AC3 and AC8 are Ca2+-calmodulin-sensitive; AC2, AC4 and AC7 are Gβγ-stimulatory forms; AC5 and AC6 are distinguished by their insensitivity to inhibition by both Ca2+ and Gαi; AC9 is forskolin-insensitive and sAC is similar to cyanobacteria AC. Adenylyl cyclases are regulated by post-translational modifications, phosphorylation, G proteins, forskolin, pyrophosphate, calcium and calmodulin and the functions of this enzyme are diverse. Perturbations in adenylyl cyclase activity has been implicated in alcholol and opioid addiction and is associated with human diseases, including thyroid adenoma, male precocious puberty and chondrodysplasia.
Adenylyl Cyclase Gene Data
| Gene | Species | Gene Symbol | Gene Accession No. | Protein Accession No. |
|---|
| AC1 | Human | ADCY1 | NM_021116 | Q08828 |
| Mouse | Adcy1 | NM_009622 | O88444 | |
| Rat | Adcy1 | XM_223616 | XP_223616 | |
| AC2 | Human | ADCY2 | NM_020546 | Q08462 |
| Mouse | Adcy2 | NM_153534 | Q80TL1 | |
| Rat | Adcy2 | NM_031007 | P26769 | |
| More Adenylyl Cyclase genes » | ||||
Adenylyl Cyclase Products
Inhibitors |
|
Cat.No. |
Product Name / Activity |
| 3635 | BPIPP |
| Non-competitive AC inhibitor. Also GC inhibitor | |
| 3834 |
KH 7 |
| Selective soluble adenylyl cyclase inhibitor | |
| 1435 | SQ 22536 |
| Adenylyl cyclase inhibitor | |
Activators |
|
Cat.No. |
Product Name / Activity |
| 1099 | Forskolin |
| Adenylyl cyclase activator | |
| 1603 | NKH 477 |
| Water-soluble adenylyl cyclase activator | |
| 1183 | PACAP 1-27 |
| Potently stimulates adenylyl cyclase | |
| 1186 | PACAP 1-38 |
| Potently stimulates adenylyl cyclase | |
Ligand Sets |
|
Cat.No. |
Product Name / Activity |
| 1882 | PKA Tocriset™ |
| Selection of 5 PKA modulators (Cat. Nos. 1337, 1140, 1099, 1288 and 1603) | |
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