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Potassium Channels

Potassium channels are crucial regulators of membrane excitability. They control the frequency and shape of action potentials, regulate secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters and establish cell plasma membrane potential. This large family can be regulated by voltage, Ca²⁺, neurotransmitters and the signaling pathways that they stimulate. Structurally, potassium channels exist as tetramers and the pore forming entity is the α-subunit. There are more than 70 different genes encoding the K⁺ α-subunit in the human genome.

Potassium Channel Target Files

Related Categories

Type	Inward Rectifier	ATP-Sensitive	Voltage-Sensitive		Ca2+-Activated

Subtype	-	-	A-type	Delayed rectifier	Large conductance (maxi-K, BK)	Small conductance (SK)
Effect of Ca2+	Insensitive	Insensitive	Insensitive	Insensitive	Variable	High sensitivity
Effect of Voltage	Strong, inward rectification	Weak, inward rectification	Sensitive	Sensitive	Sensitive	Insensitive
Effect of ATP	Insensitive	Inhibits channel opening	Insensitive	Insensitive	Insensitive	Insensitive
Conductance (pS)	5-30	5-90	< 1-20	< 1-20	100-250	6-14

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