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Glucose Transporters

Supporting information

Glucose is an essential source of energy for mammalian cells, and is also used as a substrate in protein and lipid synthesis. Given its hydrophilic nature, glucose must be transported into the cell by dedicated transporters; these are encoded by genes known collectively as the facilitative glucose transporter gene family (GLUT). There are 13 known members of the GLUT family.

Glucose transporters maintain a ready supply of glucose for the cell's metabolic activity. During growth and division, the energy demands of a cell are increased; it needs glucose to generate ATP and biomass. Cancer cells, which proliferate at a greater rate, thus require more energy than a normal cell. Aerobic glycolysis - often observed in tumor cells, and also known as the Warburg effect - relies on a high rate of glucose uptake, since the generation of ATP by this process is far less efficient than oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose transporters, in particular GLUT1, have therefore become a target of interest in cancer research, as have glycolytic inhibitors.

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Gene	Species	Gene Symbol	Gene Accession No.	Protein Accession No.

Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 1 (GLUT1)	Human	SLC2A1	NM_006516	P11166
	Mouse	Slc2a1	NM_011400	P17809
	Rat	Slc2a1	NM_138827	P11167
Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter), member 2 (GLUT2)	Human	SLC2A2	NM_000340	P11168
	Mouse	Slc2a2	NM_031197	P14246
	Rat	Slc2a2	NM_012879	P12336
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