Calcium Channels
Calcium is a vital signaling molecule that mediates muscle contraction, neurotransmission, gene expression and more. There are two main types of calcium channels; voltage-gated calcium channels, which open in response to changes in membrane potential and ligand-gated calcium channels, such as IP3 receptors, store operated calcium channels and ryanodine receptors, which are activated by ligand binding.
Calcium Channel Target Files
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Multiple diseases are caused by disruption of normal calcium channel function. Inherited calcium channelopathies include nervous system disorders, such as X-linked night blindness and hemiplegic migraine, muscloskeletal disorders, such as hypokalemic periodic paralysis and malignant hyperthermia, and cardiovascular disorders, including ventricular cardiomyopathy and familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
| Channel Type | L | T | N | P | Q | R |
|---|
| Conductance (pS) | 25 | 5-9 | ~ 20 | 9-19 | 16 | - |
| Activation Threshold | High | Low | High | High | High | High |
| Deactivation Rate | Fast | Slow | Fast | Fast | Fast | Fast |
| Inactivation Rate | Slow | Fast | Moderate | Very Slow | Moderate | Fast |
| Permeability | Ba2+ > Ca2+ | Ba2+ = Ca2+ | Ba2+ > Ca2+ | Ba2+ > Ca2+ | Ba2+ > Ca2+ | Ba2+ > Ca2+ |
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